Habitat

• native to eastern and central United States
• hardy to zone 3

Habit and Form

• a large, deciduous tree
• somewhat columnar in youth, broad crown with age
• 70 to 80' tall
• equal of greater spread at maturity
• coarse texture
• slow growth rate

Summer Foliage

• alternate leaf arrangement
• simple, deciduous leaves
• obovate leaf shape
• 4" to 10" long
• cuneate leaf base
• 2 to 3 pairs of rounded lobes
• whitish tomentose leaf underside
• dark green leaf color

Autumn Foliage

• yellowish-brown fall color

Flowers

• brown catkins
• not ornamentally important

Fruit

• 1" to 1.5" long, brown acorn
• ovoid shape
• 0.5" covered by involucre
• involucre in downy on inside
• scaly involucre
• downy at apex

Bark

• grayish-brown bark color
• flaky distinct bark
• corky stems, yellowish-brown

Culture

• transplant from container
• prefers rich, well-drained soil
• prefers a alkaline soil
• full sun

Landscape Use

• shade tree
• for large area
• street tree
• specimen

Liabilities

• no serious pest problems

ID Features

• leaves with rounded lobes
• light brown, ovoid buds, 0.25" across and pubescent
• grayish-brown bark
• small, ovoid acorns

Propagation

• by seed

Cultivars/Varieties

'Clemons' (Heritage®, a selection of Quercus x macdanielli) - This hybrid with English oak (Quercus robur) is a vigorous grower, unusual for an oak. It is a broad pyramidal grower that becomes an oval tree to 80' tall and 50' wide. It offers attractive foliage that is dark green, glossy and resistant to mildew and tearing in the wind. This new plant may be useful as a shade tree.