Habitat

• native to western and eastern coasts of North America
• hardy to zone 1

Habit and Form

• a deciduous tree
• 40' to 50' tall
• 20' to 30' wide
• narrow, conical in youth maturing into a rounded crown
• medium texture
• fast growth rate

Summer Foliage

• alternate leaf arrangement
• simple, deciduous leaves
• orbicular leaf shape
• 1.5" to 3" long
• finely serrated leaf margins
• glacescent leaf underside
• dark green leaf color

Autumn Foliage

• yellow fall color

Flowers

• not ornamentally important

Fruit

• not ornamentally important

Bark

• slender, reddish brown stems
• greenish-gray bark
• smooth
• furrowed and darkened bark with age

Culture

• prefers wet soils
• full sun
• soil tolerant

Landscape Use

• lumber
• interesting form

Liabilities

• do not plant near sewers, septic tanks, drains or sidewalks
• suckers
• canker
• short-lived
• too many to name

ID Features

• terminal, imbricate, conical, sharp-pointed buds
• buds are resinous and reddish brown
• narrow, conical habit
• finely, serrated leaf margins
• slender, reddish, brown twigs

Propagation

• by seed

Cultivars/Varieties

• none